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When a man is experiencing fertility issues or has abnormal sperm counts, doctors may recommend a testicular biopsy. This procedure involves taking a small tissue sample from the testicle to examine sperm production or detect underlying conditions affecting fertility.

Unlike other major surgeries, a testicular biopsy is minimally invasive, performed under local or general anesthesia, and usually takes less than 30 minutes. The tissue collected is sent to the laboratory to analyze sperm production, hormone activity, or detect testicular abnormalities, helping doctors provide targeted fertility treatments or diagnose medical conditions early.

Why It’s Done

• Evaluate male infertility when semen analysis is inconclusive
• Detect testicular failure or blockage affecting sperm production
• Investigate testicular masses or abnormal hormone levels
• Assist in sperm retrieval for assisted reproductive techniques like IVF

What to Expect

• A small incision is made, and a tiny sample of testicular tissue is collected.
• Mild discomfort or swelling may occur for a few days, usually managed with ice packs or pain relievers.
• The procedure is quick, safe, and outpatient, so most patients go home the same day.

Benefits

• Provides accurate diagnosis of male fertility issues
• Helps guide treatment plans, including assisted reproduction
• Minimally invasive with fast recovery
• Detects testicular abnormalities that may not appear in other tests